■ 291 
G315 
opy 1 



MMi 



THE EMPIRE 

STATE 
s^tbeSQUTH 




■gBfc : -.-J*2"^ 4*^ 






- 
' - 


i 










\Jtk 


h£*L. 







SERIAL N?43C 

GRICULTURAL DEPARTMEN 

TATE 07* GEORGI/ 



NOV 27 UN 
D. of D. 



-:\qt- »' c M f-f ; 



GEORGIA 



w 






Issued By 
THOMAS G. HUDSON 

commissioner of Agriculture 

ATLANTA, GA., U. S. A. 
1907 




FOREWORD 

The "New" South— The Great South 

F one will give free rein to the imagination and picture 

the future of a section that contains one-half the iron 

ore of the United States, nearly three times as much coal 

as Great Britain, Germany and Pennsylvania combined, 

which dominates the phosphate and sulphur trade of 

the world, which has much of the richest oil territory 

known, which has one-half the standing timber of the country, which 

produces all of the rice, most of the tobacco and adds to these eight 

hundred million bushels of grain per annum. 

Then remember that it holds a world monopoly on cotton pro- 
duction and is rapidly becoming a great textile spinning section — every 
dollar of gold annually mined on earth is not sufficient to liquidate the 
South's bills against Europe for cotton — then think of the vast water 
powers, the splendid rivers, the great seacoast with magnificent harbors 
and expanding commerce, and you will gain but a faint conception of 
the future' of the "New" South — the Great South. "New" in the 
sense that its vast possibilities and undeveloped resources have but 
recently begun to be exploited to the world. 

It is a region where many crops can be grown the year round, if 




Grapes in a Georgia Vineyard 



desired; where the climate makes it possible to harvest roasting eai 
for the Christmas dinner, and ripe tomatoes, lettuce, beets and other 
vegetable delicacies in midwinter. 

It is a land where it is a delight to live and breathe; a land where 
the climate partakes of the healthful qualities of the salt-laden sea air 
and the dry mountain breezes, where the sportsman may delight 
hi heart, where millions of wild fowl Hock along the water courses 




Where the Black Bass Lurk and Thousands of Horse Power u<> t<> Waste 



during winter months; where deer, wild turkeys and other game may 
be found in abundance; and where the Mack bass, a prince among 
game fishes, furnishes the most exciting sport to be found with a hook 

ami line. 

Jt is a land 
where the stock 
raiser needs lit- 
tle or no shelter 
for his cattle — 
and where nu- 
tritious grasses 
feed them with 
a 1 m o s t n o 
thought to the 
owner, many 
months in the 
year. 

It is a land 
ripe with prom- 




- M&mm 



Georgia Sugar Cane is Richer in Saccharine Matter than ai 
other Sugar Producing Plant 



ise for the future, a land wherein thousands of new homes will be 
made within the next \e\v years and where wealth untold will he taken 
from the fertile soil. 

It is to tell the reader something of one locality in such a section 
— perhaps the most favored by nature and by man, the great common- 
wealth of Georgia — that these pages are written. If you are interested 
in a locality, the best of the section above briefly described, you will 
find it worth while to peruse the pages which follow. They are 
intended to describe what has already been accomplished in Georgia, 
the conditions that exist, what is needed to make a home, and what 
may reasonably be expected in the future. 

As to Georgia in General 

The record of progress and advancement made by Georgia has 
perhaps done more to advertise and exploit the South to the world than 
any other cause. The great State of Georgia, the "Empire State of 
the South," is the largest state east of the Mississippi River as well as 
the most important commonwealth of the south-eastern group of states. 
The cotton merchant and manufacturer, the world over, know it as 
the second state in the production of the South's fleecy staple. 
Georgia also contributes a large quota annually to the harvest of food 




Georgia's Paper Shell Pecans bring One Dollar per Pound 



crops, particularly torn, which cereal is cultivated in Georgia with less 
labor and marketed with a greater margin of profit than in the states 
devoted entirely to its culture. 

( reorgia presents such a variety of resources, openings and oppor- 
tunities for the wide-awake, progressive manufacturer, investor, agricul- 
turist, merchant, mechanic, professional man — in fact, men of every 
class who are willing to work for success — that it is impossible to more 
than refer to a few of the important ones in a "handy" volume 
publication of this character. 

Banks and Banking 

A remarkable indication of the substantial growth of any com- 
munity or section is indicated by the growth of its banking and financial 
institutions. Every Georgia town, city and community now has its 
bank and many have two or more. During the year just passed, 
seventy new state banks were chartered, together with thirty-four local 
insurance companies. 

Land Values 

Farm lands of course vary in value and price, ranging from $5.00 
to $25.00, $50.00 and $100.00 per acre, according to location, trans- 
portation facilities, improvements, proximity to towns and cities, etc. 
( iood lands, — lands that will produce in abundance every crop that can 
be grown in the temperate /.one; com thirty-five, to sixty bushels per 
acre; wheat, rye, oats, hay and forage crops, including alfalfa, rive to 
eight cuttings per annum — a ton per acre to the cutting — and tobacco 
as good as can be grown in Cuba, can be purchased at from $8.00 to 
$20.00 per acre. 

Georgia's Timbers 

Of the fifty- 
nine thousand 
and odd square 
miles in Geor- 
gia, over fortj 
thousand square 
miles ha\ e been 
coi ered w 1 th 
forest. It is 
therefore a mis- 
take to assume 
that the forests 
of the state have 
been exhausted. 




Distillery, Georg 

6 



urpentine Far 



In UJ05, fifteen millions of capital was invested in timber development 
in Georgia, and the output of lumber exceeded in value $25,000,000. 

The timbers of the state are many and valuable, embracing the 
"long" leaf or "Georgia" pine, the short leaf pine, the several varieties 
of oak, poplar, ash, beech, gum, cherry, walnut, maple and other hard- 
woods. 

Georgia timber lands are now worth money. The high price and 
steady demand for lumber have about driven the speculator from the 
field, and placed the timber lands in the hands of legitimate developers. 
A recent transaction involving six thousand acres of "long" leaf, 
yellow pine lands was consumated on basis of $30.00 per acre. The 
timber was exceptionally fine; the tract had never been turpentined 
and many of the great forest giants measured from sixty to eighty feet 
fn the clear. Such timber is in steady demand, and is used extensively 
in the ship yards of Europe and America. A single stick of such heart 
pine is worth from $300 to $1000. 

The Georgia lumberman has unusually good facilities for market- 
ing his product. The state is ramified by approximately six thousand 
rive hundred miles of steam railways, which penetrate every section, 
and in addition thereto, there are about two thousand miles of navigable 
rivers in the state upon which the busy steamboat daily plies. The 




Lumber Docks, Savannah, (ia. 

7 



annual lumber exports through Georgia's two sea ports, Savannah and 
Brunswick, exceed three billion feet. 

In addition to the six thousand five hundred miles of steam rail- 
w aj 5 alreadj in operation thirty-five new lines, aggregating two thousand 
seven hundred and seventy-five miles in the total mileage, 
chartered during 1 9 6. 

The Water Powers of Georgia 

There is no power so cheap as water power, and no state offers 
muic favorable terms for using water power than Georgia. The 
Geodetic Survey recently published a bulletin, available to inquirers, 

ihowing that 




literally tens of 
thousands of 
available horse 
power is going 
tow aste through 
the many rapids 
and fal Is cap- 
able of econom- 
ic development 
t h 10 u g h u t 
middle and 
north Georgia. 
New England 
once claimed. 
cotton manu- 
facturing su- 
premacy because of her water [lowers, but they are frozen or impotent 
at least two months of the twelve. In Georgia ice is never a factor. 
The streams run freely the entire year, and the wheels of our mills 
hum merrily from year's beginning to year's end. 



U. S. Fish Hatchery, Warm Springs, <.:i 



Cotton Spinning 

By taking advantage of the abundant water power, capable of 
economic development and utilization, and the nearness of the cotton- 
fields, cotton manufacturing in Georgia has made phenomenal strides. 
The number of spindles increased from 815,545 in iqoo, to 1,316,573 
in [9 5, and the number of looms from [9,393 to 31,210. 

In 1S70 the capital employed in the cotton mills of Georgia was 
but $3,433,205; to-day it is $42,349,61 v . 

S 



Tlie increase during the past five years has been seventy-four 
per cent. 

The increase in wage earners in cotton nulls has been seventy- 
eight per cent. ; in wages paid, forty-eight per cent., and in value of 
products ninety per cent. 

The products of the Georgia mills include not only the coarser 
grades of cotton cloths manufactured for export, but many notably fine 
weaves. The factories are filled with the latest economical devices 





■ 


i 






. . . TnTTTTTr 


firrr 


TTTTfrl 

j[ff}ij| 


i»| , , , r |i | |'T 


' Wm 


■ j i i «< 1 1 1 ; 

■r r r r r r r nr r r [ 

■ iii 1 ji 







With Raw Material Right at the Mill Door 

and improved machinery, and because of the cheap power and the 
immense supply of raw material at the mill door, thus saving 
transportation charges, the Georgia mills can and do sell staple goods 
at ruling prices with a much larger margin of profit than the mills of 
the North and East. 

The result is, the cotton industry, including cotton seed products 
— oil and fertilizers made from the seed — represents a considerable per- 
centage of the manufactories of the state, at present amounting to more 
than $150,000,000 annually. 

Mines and Quarries 

Marble 
Georgia's possibilities in mines and quarries, of which so little is 
known to the outside world, have barely been touched. Georgia to- 
daj produces more marble for various purposes than any other state in 
the Union, except Vermont. The marbles of Georgia occur in a 
narrow belt about sixty miles long, in the northern portion of the State, 
and here can be seen the crude implements and vessels fashioned by 

9 



the Indians early in the last century. Only within the past twenty 
years, however, have the immense deposits of the valuable material 

been opened and developed systematically, and the annual output is 
now valued at considerably mote than $1,000,000. 

Georgia marble is of such quality and texture, and is found in 
such variety of colors, that this particular branch of industrial develop- 
ment will assume far greater proportions in the immediate future than 
at present, notwithstanding the fact that the output is now about thirty- 
five per cent, of the famous Vermont quarries, from which the hulk of 
this material used at present in the United States is secured. 

Some of the Georgia marble beds have been pierced to a depth of 
over two hundred feet, and as yet there is no sign to indicate that the 
stratum has been worked through. Very few of the Green Mountain 
deposits exceed this depth. The texture of this stone is said to be the 
finest in the world; it does not possess the element of disintegration so 
noticeable in the Italian varieties, and acids or stains of any character 
can be readily wiped off its surface with cold water and a sponge. This 
one resource has already given Georgia a national reputation; her 
marbles have been used in many of the country's most notable structures, 
including a number of state capi.tol buildings and the famous Corcoran 
Art Gallery at Washington. 

Granite, Gneiss and Limestone 

It is claimed, and justly, that the granite, gneiss and limestone of 
Georgia are of quality and extent sufficient to pave the streets of every 
city in the United States, and then leave a surplus amply sufficient to 
meet the requirements of ordinary building operations for many years 
to come. Stone Mountain, an immense deposit of high-grade granite, 
said to be the largest single rock in America, seven miles in circum- 
ference and nine hundred feet high, rears its majestic head within sight 
from the windows of Atlanta's business district. Extensive quarrying 
operations have been carried on here for manj years. Another belt of 
high-grade blue granite traverses middle Georgia. 

War Lithonia immense quantities of contorted gneiss is quarried 
for curbing and paving, while limestones and sandstones in abundant 
quantity are scattered throughout the state. 
Bauxite 

Bauxite is the hydrate of the metal aluminum, and is the principal 
source of the aluminum of commerce. Georgia now leads in the pro- 
duction of this mineral, which branch of mining is susceptible of further 
development on a large scale on account of the rapidly increasing con- 
sumption of aluminum. 

10 



Coal and Iron 

The coal fields of Georgia are contracted to the area of Dade and 
Walker counties, and are an extension of the celebrated Warrior fields 
of Alabama. The annual output at present is in the neighborhood of 
three hundred thousand tons valued at approximately a quarter of a 
million dollars. A large per cent, of the coal mined in Georgia is 
converted into coke. 

The iron deposits of the state furnishes one of the most valuable 
of its varied mineral products, and includes not only hematite, but 
magnetite and limonite of such extent that ore mining presents a promis- 
ing held for the capitalist and trained worker. The few furnaces now 




A Charcoal Iron Furnace 

located in Georgia are already celebrated for the high-grade pig iron 
they produce, due principally to the high quality of the abundant 
supply of raw material. 

Careful investigation also develops extensive unopened deposits of 
copper, mica, asbestos, corundum, talc, graphite, barite and pyrite, well 
worth exploiting to the world, while three Georgia counties now supply 
one-fourth of all the manganese consumed in the United States. 

The Clays of Georgia 



No greater wealth creating agency than the ceramic industry can 
be found. And while the demand for the product is stable, localities 

n 




Ninety-nine per cent. Pure Kaolin, Dry Sheds 



favored with the necessary raw materials are limited, and transportation 
tolls, particularly on low grade goods, so high as to practically eliminate 
competition of distant points. In the manufacture of clays the cost of 
conversion is practically the entire expense, the value of the crude 
material being so infinitesimal as to cut little figure. 

Extending entirely across the state is a belt of clay deposits. These 
clays are suitable for the manufacture of everything in the jug and 
stoneware line. The "fire clays" are said to be the finest in the world 
and capable of standing a higher degree of heat than any clay yet 
found. At numerous points along this belt extensive plants for 
the manufacture of porcelain, enameled brick, sewer pipe, china wares, 
terra cotta and roofing tile have been established, while immense 
quantities of pure white kaolin, used extensively in the manufacture of 
wall paper, is mined and exported from the state. 

Marls and Phosphates 

In the counties forming the lower boundary of the state, numerous 
beds of marl occur that are said to be equal in plant food to those of 
New Jersey. Deposits of phosphate in greater or less quantities, but 
of very high quality are also found in the southern section of the state. 

Climate and Agricultural Products 
From a geographic and climatic standpoint, Georgia favors the 




Thousands of Tons of Succulent Hays are Produced annually in Georgia 



immigrant agriculturist from every section of the world the South as 
well as the North, East or West. 

Of the nine climate belts in the United States eight are represented 
in Georgia; the lowest with a mean annual temperature of about forty 
degrees ; the highest of between seventy and eighty degrees. 

Owing to the variety of climate and soil and the varying altitudes 
of the different sections, due to its nearly four and one-half degrees of 
latitude, the state produces the greatest variety of crops of any state in 
the Union. The crops and fruits of every section of the United States, 
together with many indigenous to foreign lands, are found within the 
borders of Georgia, therefore, the commercial reputation of the state 
has rested largely on an agricultural basis in the past. 
• In order of precedence, the products of Georgia are classed as 

follows: Cotton, corn, hay and grain, live stock, trucking, dairying and 
horticulture. Cotton of necessity looms largest in the statement and 
forms the principal money crop of the state. However, in this con- 
nection, two significant factors are in evidence— growth of diversification 
and intensive methods of farming— their influence meaning that the 
Georgia agriculturist will, in the near future, produce his own food 
stuffs at great saving, and while reducing excessive cotton production 
will market that staple at such reduced cost as to leave him a larger 
margin of profit than he now enjoys. 

Cotton 

Cotton, as before stated, is the staple crop and it does exceedingly 
well in every section of the state. It is exceptionally poor land, in 

15 







**1 


» . v^titifl 


^18 » s£ "21 










- 


. 


!^3 






P5S9P 


J^ J Ll " • 










* 










- ^i '•' 


i^Sca 





Falls of the Chattahoochee, al Columbus, \\ 



fact, that will not produce a bale to the acre with intelligent cultivation, 
and in many sections of the state, by use of special hybrid seed, the 
yield has been increased to three and sometimes four hales per acre. 
This refers almost entirely to "short staple" cotton. 

Of the sea island or long staple" cotton the average yield is about 
three-quarters of a bale — say 375 to 400 pounds per acre. This 




Eighty Bushels per Acre 

16 




is Converted into Electric Energy 

cotton, however, varies in value from twenty cents to thirty-five cents 
per pound and is always in steady demand in the manufacture of high- 
grade mercerized cotton goods and in silks. A distinctive Georgia 
product is what is known as "Floradora" cotton, a hybrid derived by 
crossing the "long" and "short" staple. " Floradora " can he produced, 
a hale to two hales to the acre, as far north in the state as the foot 
hills, and always commands a price of from three to five cents per 
pound over "short" staple varieties. 

Corn 

Another Georgia staple is corn. Georgia is one of the greatest corn 
producing states in the Union. Corn will make anywhere from thirty- 
five to seventy bushels per acre, and in some localities — especially the 
rich river bottom lands in the extreme southern section of the state — 
two crops are easily grown each year. How does that strike the Iowa 
farmer, whose corn is sometimes caught by early frosts before it is 
thoroughly matured? What would the Illinois or Indiana farmer think 
of getting two big crops of corn off his land each year, instead of one? 
In South Georgia the ears are setting on the stalks when the Iowa 
farmer is planting his crop. " Roasting ears " can be gathered in the 
early spring, the late fall and sometimes even up to Christmastule. 

Alfalfa, Hays and Small Grain 

Alfalfa is practically a new crop in Georgia though it has been 
grown here for years in a limited way under the name of "Lucerne." 
In the West it is praised as a money-producer, but after experimenting 
in Georgia the Kansas or Nebraska farmer, who is satisfied with his 
two or three cuttings per year from his alfalfa held, will with difficulty 
believe even the conservative facts about alfalfa growing in Georgia. 

The Kansas or Nebraska farmer will work industriously the first 
year to secure a good stand. Often he fails, and has to replant the 
second year. The Georgia farmer will at least get three to four 



cuttings from his alfalfa the first year, and it is not unusual to get two 
to three cuttings within six months after the seed is in the ground. 
The Georgia farmer will harvest from five to eight cuttings per 
annum — a ton to a ton and half per acre per cutting — after he gets his 
stand. 

Georgia growers estimate the total cost of producing a ton at from 
$2.50 to $3.50 which includes the cost of haling. Alfalfa finds a ready 
market at from $12.00 to $18.00 per ton leaving a profit of from $9.50 
to $15.50, and with a yield of from five to twelve tons per acre per 
annum the profit is easily calculated. 

Georgia is a natural grass state. Bermuda and the vetches grow 
wild, while paspalum dilitatum or "Dallis" grass, pea-vines, sorghum, 
Japan clover, Johnson grass, German millet and many other varieties 
of grasses and clovers do especially well for hays 




Georgia Outs— Forty Bushels per Acre Harvested 



In regard to grains, wheat, oats, rye and barley all do exceptionally 
well in the state. The writer recently \isited a Canadian dairy farmer 
now residing in middle Georgia where he operates a forty acre dairy. 
We saw two acres from which had been threshed forty bushels of 
wheat per acre and a second crop of five tons per acre of pea-vine and 
sorghum hay cut. His return was $1.25 per bushel for his wheat, 
$100.00; four and one-half tons of straw, at $5.00 per ton, $22.50; 
ten tons of hay at $15.00 per ton, $150.00. Total, $272.50. Not 
so bad, eh ! 

iS 



Rice 

Another staple of prolific yield that has been sadly neglected in 
Georgia is rice. This crop has been raised with signal success for 
many years, and the quality of the product is superior to that of Texas 
and Louisiana. 

An average yield is about twelve barrels per acre, and in favorable 
seasons a second crop of eight to ten barrels is gotten. This product 
sells for approximately $3.50 per barrel. 

Tobacco 

Georgia has the largest tobacco plantation in the world, embracing 
twenty-five thousand acres and employing three thousand five hundred 
persons. These twenty-five thousand acres are of greater value than 
any gold mine on the continent. In the recent hearing before the 
Senate Committee on the Philippine Tariff Bill, the general superin- 
tendent of the plantation testified that this Georgia farm produced two- 
thirds of all the Sumatra tobacco used for wrapper purposes in the 
United States ! 

About one thousand acres are under shade and they produce 
annually one million pounds of tobacco, and the profit derived there- 
from is one million dollars. The owners of this farm also buv besides. 



HE 






WBb 


asps*?*^' . '- v * 


- 




^W^W '*':* 


-< - 




1 




v vV ^ ' 




■ 


, r -*?■ 



Sumatra Tobacco 

The Owner of the above Crop made Five Thousand Dollars from Fourteen Acres 

of Tobacco 








fe 



all that the farmers outside can produce, perhaps two million pounds 
additional. 

The value of the tobacco product ranges from seventy-five cents 
for the varieties grown in the open to $4.20 per pound for the high- 
grade, shade grown Sumatra. The. average yield is about one thousand 
pounds per acre; the returns are, therefore, quickly calculated for your- 
self. It is a quick crop, too; planted in April, it is sold in August. 

Truck and Vegetable Crops 

The truck and market garden crops must not be lost sight of in 
calculating the possible agricultural wealth of Georgia. On account 
of the superior quality of the Georgia grown garden produce, and the 
convenient methods of transportation, the trucking industry is receiving 
attention from both native and newcomer, until now the early products 
of the Georgia truck farm are supplanting the Florida varieties in the 
markets of the East and West. 

However, the experienced trucker in Georgia does not find it 
necessary to grow his crops for a distant market. Georgia contains 
thirty-one towns and cities with populations in excess of 2,500; they 
are all thriving and growing and developing at a rapid rate. Official 
returns for one of these towns indicate an increase in population of 
seventy-four per cent, for the current year, and they all furnish exceptional 
opportunities and advantages for the experienced truck gardener. 




A Truck Farm with Peaches in the Distance 
This Farm netted One Hundred Dollars per Acre for tin Truck obtained this Spring 

21 



To cite an example: a few years ago a Chinaman visited one of 
the larger of these cities to investigate with a view to opening a laundry ; 
he found that branch of industry well filled, and finally rented two 
average sized city lots and went into market gardening. Most of his 
ready money was laid out in rents and seed, so he hired a man who 
owned the necessary implements to break up and harrow the land ; the 
seed was planted and cultivated by the Chinaman with a hoe. This 
man recently disposed of his lease on the property to a fellow country- 
man, and with several thousand good American dollars dug out of these 
two lots in the short space of a few years, returned to his native land to 
dream out the remainder of his days in opulence. 

There is no month in the year that some truck crop cannot be 
grown and marketed profitably in every section of the state, and another 
beauty about the situation is, that you can work anywhere in the state 
in the open air 365 days in ever}- year — barring rain, of which the 
average is small but sufficient to produce abundantly the crops of this 
section of the South. 

Onions 

The onion is a very popular truck crop, and returns from it are 
phenomenal. One Georgia grower of spring onions cleared $200 from 
three-quarters of an acre this spring. The Bermuda variety is also 
prolific. The yield averages about ten thousand pounds per acre, and 
the price, dependent largely on the time of the year and the handling 
of the crop, ranges from two and one-half cents per pound early in the 
season to one cent per pound later on, which is a safe average price. 

Potatoes 

The potato is such a common crop all over the country that it may 
be thought an unprofitable one here in Georgia where other and rarer 
crops can be produced to such great advantage. The reverse, however, 
is true. 

The "new" Irish potato of South Georgia quickly follows the 
Florida product to market, and the quality of the Georgia vegetable, is 
so superior that the demand for it quickly forces the Florida grower 
from the field. The first shipments usually reach the market late in 
March and the average price is around $3.00 to $3.50 per bushel. 

The sweet potato is another staple truck crop, and the Georgia 
product has a quality that is all its own — there is nothing grown any- 
where in the potato line that can approach the Georgia yellow" or 
"pumpkin" yam in deliciousness of flavor. The sweet potato yield is 

23 



about three hundred and fifty bushels per acre and the prices range from 
seventy-five cents to two dollars per bushel, according to the time of 
year and the handling of the crop. A fair average price is about one 
dollar per bushel. 

Tomatoes 
Midwinter tomatoes in Georgia are another delicacy. They can 
be produced not onl\ for the holiday market, but can be shipped during 
January and February. Not as much attention has been given this crop 
as might have been done profitably. Growers realize from $200 to 
$4.00 per acre from the crop, and they are easily grown. 




Georgia Tomatoes, Two Hundred Dollars to Four Hundred Dollars per Acre 

Cucumbers 

( )ne of the most prolific crops is cucumbers, and large shipments 
from the trucking districts are made all during the spring and thev bring 
good prices. The yield per acre is two hundred to two hundred and 
fifty bushels, and from $150 to $200 per acre is realized from this crop. 

Other Vegetables 

Not only the vegetables enumerated above, but practically every 
other variety can be produced 111 abundance in every section of 

24 



Georgia. String beans come into the market early in the spring and are 
marketed at good prices ranging from $2.: :, to $3.50 per crate. A net 
profit of $200 per acre from carrots is a common thing. Beets yield 
prolifically and bring high prices when shipped with the tops on in the 
early spring. One gardener realized over $500 front one quarter acre of 
spinach. Another marketed $300 worth of kale from one and one-half 
acres, and $1 50 worth of lettuce from one-third of an acre. Cabbage will 
easily return $400 to $500 per acre and cauliflower from $200 to $250 
per acre. 

"Roasting" ears, in the extreme South, can be grown for the 
Christmas market, while radishes and other vegetables can be kept on 
the market most of the winter. Asparagus, celery, peas, turnips — in 
fact every vegetable crop — tan be grown in abundance. It is doubtful 
if there is another locality in the United States that will profitably pro- 
duce in proximity to such splendid home markets, such a wide variety of 
truck and garden crops as Georgia. 

Horticulture 

In horticulture the production of the celebrated Georgia peach 
forms a substantial source of present and future income. This is one of 




In a Georgia Peach Orchard 



the most unique developments in Georgia or any other section of the 
United States. Only within the past few years did it become known 
that Georgia soil, climate and other conditions favored commercial 
peach culture, but such has been the rapidity with which this industry 
has expanded that it is questionable if any other section can exceed it. 

Forty years ago the only commercial peach orchard in the state 
embraced some forty acres only; it was owned by Mr. J. D. Cunning- 
ham, and situated within fifty miles of Atlanta. The success of this 
grower was such as to encourage him to enlarge his operations until 
finally he had sixty thousand trees in bearing. A son of this pioneer 
grower now has two hundred and fifty thousand in bearing, and the 
immense orchards of Judge Gober, the Hale-Georgia Orchard 
Company, and J. H. Rumpf, who originated the famous u Elberta," 
that thrives in Georgia as nowhere else, have made the state celebrated 
at home and abroad. 

The only complete peach crop failures in Georgia were during 
the early period of experimentation some ten years ago. In the past 
ten years there has been one failure, four partial failures and five highly 
successful crops. The state contains about eighteen million trees, of 
which about twelve million are in bearing. The yield of a normal 
season is approximately ten million bushels of luscious fruit valued at 
about $5,000,000. 

Commercial fruit culture in Georgia is at present practically limited 
to the peach; but plums, apples, pears, and all the berries of the United 
States, except the red currants and gooseberries, may be raised profitably 



^^ 




The Georgia Cantaloupe is a Profitable Crop 



everywhere in the state. The home markets consume practically all 
of these products now produced, though occasionally Georgia h\is and 
strawberries are found on the stalls of the Eastern and Western markets 
and they always command prices in advance of the ruling prices of 
similar fruits from other sections. 

Melons 

The celebrated Rocky Ford cantaloupe thrives in Georgia as in 
no other section of the South-east. The soil and climatic conditions 
appear to be ideal for the production of this and kindred varieties of the 
very popular melon. The yields are abundant and the profits large. 
The Georgia water-melon is famed all over the United States, 
and approximately ten thousand carloads are now profitably marketed 
each season. 

Dairying and Live Stock 

Georgia has the second best dairy in the United States — so con- 
ceded by Prof. Spill man, of the United States Department of Agri- 
culture. Now think of that, an officer of the Agricultural Department 
of the Government, who is familiar with all the dairy districts in this 
country, concedes the second best dairy farm in the United States to 
Georgia! 

The land upon which the farm is located is the typical red clay 
soil of northern Georgia which usually sells at from $10.00 to $20.00 
per acre; the farm contains 400 acres of which 135 are under cultivation 
feeding a herd of 145 head of cattle. About seventy-five of the cattle 
are milk cows; the sweet milk is sold locally at fifteen cents per gallon, 




and from a town of 2500, $150 from this source is realized each month. 
Eighty pounds of butter is the daily output, or 25,000 per annum all of 
which is contracted for by a firm in one of the larger cities at twenty- 
ti\ e cents per pound. 

The gross income from this farm is about $8000 per annum, or 
$50.00 per acre of which $30.00 to $35.00 is net. 

As we have before stated, Georgia contains thirty-one towns and 
cities of more than 2500 inhabitants, and they are growing and ex- 
panding by leaps and hounds. There are advantageous locations near 
even one of them for from three to half a dozen experienced dairymen, 
truck gardeners or poultry ranchers." Your output can be disposed of 
at one hundred per cent, profit to dealers in the large centers, and if a 
dairyman, your milk will pay the expenses of operation. 

Georgia is destined to become one of the greatest live stock 
producing sections of the United States. Soil, climate and other con- 
ditions are all favorable, and at various times for many years, attention has 
been directed to the possibilities of cattle ranching in this state. 

First: < reorgia is a natural grass country. There are no better or 
finer pastures in the world than flourish throughout the state, and tens 
of thousands of tons of succulent hays are cured even' season on 
Georgia farms that rivals in every respect the product of the so-called 
Western hay states. 

Second : in Georgia the rancher or cattleman is Soo to 1000 miles 




This Georgia Herd Produces Butter at less than Twelve Cents per Pound 
The Product Sells Readily at Wholesale for Thirty Cents 

30 



nearer the Eastern markets, and he can put his cattle into New York, 
where they are as good as gold in the United States Mint, as cheaply 
as the Western producer can put his stock into Omaha. 

Third • the climate is such that you can ship all of the year; your 
cattle will not freeze, or starve or die on the road. Cattle shipped from 
any point in Georgia to-day are in New York to-morrow! 

' The Red Poll, the Hereford and grades of these breeds, crossed 
on native stock are the popular beef type cattle. Sheep, and Angora 
and Merino goats thrive well here. However, stock breeding here as 
elsewhere, is a matter of development, not only of the cattle and of the 
pastures and hay bottoms, but also of the farm owners and of the labor 
employed. 

Educational Facilities 

An essential consideration in the selection of a place of residence 
is its school fac.lities, and in this respect Georgia is splendidly equipped. 
The public school system of the state embraces 7736 school houses, 
I0 .60 teachers and half a million scholars, with a fund of approxi- 
mately $> 500,000. The curriculum provided extends over a period 
of five months of the year, except where, in many instances local 
taxation extends the time to seven and nine months. 

In the higher university branches, particularly in agricultural 
education, Georgia is leading the country. The agricultural education 
facilities include an agricultural normal school in each Congressiona 
District, eleven in number, with curriculum modeled largely after the 
agricultural schools of Denmark, where this system of education has 
been most highly developed. In addition to the agricultural schools, 
there is an Agricultural College, a part of the University system a 
Athens, Ga., with a full four years' course, for those who desire full 
scientific knowledge of the subject. 

Conclusion 

In concluding this publication we only desire to add that Georgia 
is not only a good state in which to invest your money and thereby 
make money, but it is also a good place to make your home. he 
Northerners, Westerners-in fact, those from every section-that have 
come to the state are satisfied and doing well-thev are making money. 

A trip of investigation-a "show me trip," if you please-to 
Georgia would be advisable. There is nothing like getting infor- 
mation first hand and seeing the country for yourself-.s the best * ay 
the sure way-you ought to meet and question some of the land ou ners 
and successful farmers of the state. 

31 




A Typical School Structure 

Any part of Georgia is readily accessible from every part of the 
United States, and the transportation companies sell, periodically, round 
trip homeseekers' excursion tickets to various Georgia points to enable 
you to investigate the openings and opportunities for yourself. 
Remember the old trite saying: "first come, first served," and 
come N< )W. 




Loading N:i\.il Stores, Brunswick, Ga. 



D 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

lllllllllllHIIII' 111 ! Ill Sill 



Opportunities m 

GEORGIA 

The State That Produces Millions! 



014 418 736 2 £ 



Especially Attractive 
Openings for Following 

Furniture Factories 
Tanneries, Shoe Factories 
Prepared Foods 
[ams, Marmalades, etc. 
Carriages, Wagons, Automobiles 
Paper Mills 
Novelty Works 
Ship Building 
l'o\ Factories 
Electrical Machinery 
Electric K. R. Car Factories 
Malleable Iron Casting Foundries 
Steel Casting Foundries 
Brass Casting Foundries 
Cotton Oil Mills 
Cotton Spinning Mills 



If you believe that foresight is an essential to success, 
stop and realize that commerce ami business aie rapidly 
pushing SOUTH. 

This is the inevitable result of strategic location 
as regards the world's markets. 

GEORGIA commands the West Indies, Central 
and South .America with two hundred million con- 
sumers, a greater market than Europe and America 
combined, or the Orient with its population of three 
to one. Likewise the growing trade of Mexico can 
be reached economically. 

This vast market, practically virgin territory, is 
hungry for American goods. 

GEORGJA — a mere youngster in manufacturing 
— already excels every state in the South-eastern group 
in value of manufactures. $150,000,000 — enough to 
buy each year the whole states of Arizona, Nevada 
and Delaware at their assessed valuation. 
The opportunity for manufacturing goods to be sold within GEORGIA'S own territory is 
equally attractive, especially to the man of limited capital. 

The manufacturer has cheap and unlimited supplies of raw materials available and the best 
possible railroad and shipping facilities. 

These points should set you thinking — figuring. 

As the richest and best of the Southern States, GEORGIA offers you the biggest returns for 
capital, brains and labor. 

Fhe State is growing nunc rapidly than ever. The prosperity 
from the actual production of wealth. GEORGIA is supplying 
pelled to buy. 

Suppose you face the matter squarely. Is it better to work 
conditions in the North, Fast and West or put your efforts into ; 
different and varied opportunities await you? 

GEORGIA belongs to you — a part of your own country — a region where you will lit 
welcome. People aie coming to GEORGIA from eveiv state, bom almost ev ei v town. 

If you could see the state, if you could but taste the Southern lite and compare > our stren 
nous existence with the happy life of GEORGIA people, you would not hesitate a moment. 1 
would be GEORGIA FOR YOU. 

Specific into: mation is supplied by this Department of the State Government. The statistic 
aie accurate ami in no way exaggerate the true conditions. If you desiie further details regard 
ing any industry or section of GEORGIA, write us and your communication will receivi 
prompt and courteous attention. 

THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE 

THE CAPITOL - - ATLANTA, GA., U. S. A. 



ii, 



not temporary, but 

1 l?s that the world 



inst adverse 
ver held wh« 



obstacle 

re a the 



